Korban pembunuhan dalam prespektif Viktimologi dan Fikih Jinayat

This item is published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Mubarok, Nafi’ (2009) Korban pembunuhan dalam prespektif Viktimologi dan Fikih Jinayat. Al - Qānūn: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pembaharuan Hukum Islam, 12 (2). pp. 462-485. ISSN 2088-2688

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Abstract

The criminal incidents which currently occur in society indicate that many victims of the criminal motion have been continoustly dropping which then cause various suffers of either material or nonmaterial damages. Moreover, they can be possibly enduring a direct and indirect harm, a physical or psycological harm. Unfortunately, the victims of the criminal incidents got less attention and treatment proportionally and maximally. This condition can be viewed from the legal status of the victims on the criminal and positive law in Indonesia which has not been put equitably or even handless. This fundamental circumstance results two main matters; (1) there is less legal preservation for many victims and, (2) there is less righteous judgement of a judge for the victims, doers or society. Moreover, according to Islamic criminal law (fiqih Jinayat), the victims got the satisfactory rights especially their legal position as the most suffered party. The civic administration system in Indonesia should appearently be updated to be more appreaciative and responsive to the victim’s rights. It is how the criminal and positive law and the Islamic criminal law in Indonesia try to place the victim’s position proportionally and professionally. Insiden kriminal yang saat ini terjadi di masyarakat menunjukkan bahwa banyak korban tindak pidana terus-menerus terjatuh sehingga menimbulkan berbagai kerusakan material maupun non-material. Selain itu, mereka mungkin saja mengalami kerugian langsung dan tidak langsung, bahaya fisik atau psikis. Sayangnya, korban insiden kriminal mendapat sedikit perhatian dan perlakuan secara proporsional dan maksimal. Kondisi ini dapat dilihat dari status hukum korban hukum pidana dan positif di Indonesia yang belum pernah dilakukan secara merata atau bahkan tanpa tangan. Keadaan mendasar ini menghasilkan dua hal utama; (1) tidak banyak pelestarian hukum bagi banyak korban dan, (2) ada hakim hakim yang adil untuk para korban, pelaku atau masyarakat. Apalagi menurut hukum pidana Islam (fiqih jayayat), korban mendapatkan hak memuaskan terutama posisi hukum mereka sebagai partai yang paling menderita. Sistem administrasi kemasyarakatan di Indonesia harus diperbarui agar lebih tepat dan responsif terhadap hak korban. Begitulah hukum pidana dan positif dan hukum pidana Islam di Indonesia mencoba menempatkan posisi korban secara proporsional dan profesional