Concept and application of al-Makkiyah and al-Madaniyah by Mahmoud Muhamed Taha in: the second message of Islam

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Kholis, Nawang Rofiq (2009) Concept and application of al-Makkiyah and al-Madaniyah by Mahmoud Muhamed Taha in: the second message of Islam. Undergraduate thesis, IAIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

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Abstract

Islam religion is wayoflifethat guarantees its believer's happiness of life in the world and hereafter. It has one essential main element as the guidance to the truly path. In getting that guidance, a Muslim is demanded to comprehend his or her Holy Book that is Qur'an. Inorder to get the intact comprehend of religiousness, it has to be comprehended through the Qur'an due to it is actually have dialogued with the various of fundamental Values that followed by so many religion's and non-religion's group which had been grown up before the offering in Islam. FUD.damental Values, which in the Qur'an are explained and actualized in the behavior of Muhammad and his companions. So that, Muslims convince that to get the safety, .someone has to set the example and learn the behavior of the Prophet Mubammad. The prophet is not only carrying out the mission to perfect the moral, but also carrying out the composition oflslam and as the mercy to the whole mankind (rabmab li a/- &aJamin). While, if it watched closely to the missionary's journey of Muhammad, so there are two periods, those are Mecca's period and Medina's period. The more observation, commonly Medina's period supposed has given the example of Islam in detail. It's all showed by so many shari'ah which is appear in that time, permitted and not permitted law, worship, fiunily's problem and the other special problems. It is contrast with Mahmoud Muhamed Taha's statement, that the prominent verses are the verses that's gone down in Mecca's period as the second message (al risalah al-thaniyah), because it contains concept learning of Islam which takes up the values of humanity, tranquility, plurality and rehgtousness in Islam. It's shown on Mecca's verses which is begin by common expressions like ya ayyuha al-nas (0 mankind!). It's showed at Mecca's verses stick out the elements of humanity, tranquility, plurality and religiousness. On the contrary with Medina's verses (thefirst message; al risalah al-ula) which is commonly begin by specific expression only onto them whose faithful, such asya ayyuha al-ladhina amanu (0 the faithful!). While Medina's Islam was a transitional learning so that it adopted the developing situation on that time. The war problem ofjihad, hijab and polygamy became the plural pheaomena on that period. In Sudan, this version of shari'ah was wanted to be applied on that time and became the agenda of politic Islam's group. Based on that reaso Taha refused the application of Islam's shari'ah in Sudan. •and proposed the existence of shari'ah evolution by reviewinf the concept of al-malddyab and al-madaniyab suited to the capacity of Muslims on 20t century, especially inSudan.