The legitimizing power of hadith in anti-maulid discourse: a critical discourse analysis of ideology salafi on social media

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This item is published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Rohmah, Nur Maulidya Wardatur (2025) The legitimizing power of hadith in anti-maulid discourse: a critical discourse analysis of ideology salafi on social media. Nabawi: Journal of Hadith Studies, 6 (2). pp. 347-377. ISSN 2746-3206

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Abstract

This article critically examines the use of hadith in constructing the anti Maulid narrative concerning the celebration of the Prophet’s Birthday disseminated through the Instagram account @foto.video.islam, using Teun A. van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as an analytical lens. The study focuses on how Salafi ideology is articulated and propagated through religious discourse in the digital sphere. The research problem addresses how hadiths are selectively cited to delegitimize the celebration of the Prophet’s Birthday while undermining the authority of scholars who support it. This qualitative descriptive study analyzes the macrostructure, superstructure, and microstructure of the discourse produced by the account. The findings demonstrate that the use of hadith functions as a tool of ideological legitimation, consolidating Salafi authority within the digital space and marginalizing alternative perspectives in the broader landscape of Islamic intellectual traditions. This strategy is not merely textual or jurisprudential but reflects complex ideological operations that shape perceptions and religious orientations in contemporary digital public spheres. The study also highlights the importance of critical awareness regarding the politicization of religious texts and underscores the need for ethical dialogue and mutual respect across theological differences, ensuring that sectarian divergences do not become sources of social conflict or hierarchical domination. Overall, the research shows that digital anti-Maulid discourse mobilizes hadith as a means to construct and maintain religious authority, while emphasizing the broader implications for critical engagement and responsible communication in diverse Islamic communities.